Enjoy some real Kenyan Swahili hip-hop from the source just
click on the link above and you have it
Tuesday 16 July 2013
France Telecom closes door on Treasury
France Telecom closes door on Treasury
By MARK OKUTTAH
Posted Monday, July 15 2013 at 20:20
Posted Monday, July 15 2013 at 20:20
In Summary
- The French multinational on Monday said it will not extend the June deadline for the government to inject Sh2.4 billion into Telkom Kenya.
- The Treasury failed to allocate the cash, part of the operator’s Sh10 billion rights issue, by the set deadline.
France Telecom has closed the door on fresh
negotiations with the Treasury that would raise the government’s stake
in Telkom Kenya above 30 per cent.
The French multinational on Monday said it will
not extend the June deadline for the government to inject Sh2.4 billion
into Telkom Kenya, that would have raised Treasury’s stake to 40 per
cent.
The Treasury failed to allocate the cash, part of the operator’s Sh10 billion rights issue, by the set deadline.
Economic secretary Geoffrey Mwau last month said
Cabinet will consider the rights issue and make a final decision, but
France Telecom is not keen on talks over the cash call.
“I confirm to you that there will be
no negotiations. The capital structure will remain unchanged at 70:30,”
Olivier Emberger, a press officer at France Telecom told the Business Daily in an e-mail.
The new structure gives the French firm bigger
influence in the board and executive suite of the cash-strapped telco,
as well as a bigger share of the prime land, buildings and
telecommunication equipment that Telkom Kenya owns.
The government’s stake in Telkom Kenya stood at 49
per cent in November, but dropped to 40 per cent in December following a
Sh34 billion balance sheet restructuring plan.
This further dropped to 30 per cent in June after the Treasury failed to raise Sh2.4 billion for the cash call.
France telecom provided its share of Sh5.1 billion
in the rights issue called to address Telkom Kenya’s financial
difficulties. The government offered Sh2.5 billion.
Treasury had tied the release of the cash to
improved performance of the loss-making Telkom Kenya and the condition
of the national Budget.
France Telecom is eyeing additional seats on the
board of Telkom Kenya. It current has five seats while the Kenya
government has four.
“The dilution of Treasury’s stake means that the
government will have less clout in the management of the loss-making
company,” Standard Investment Bank said in an earlier brief to their
clients.
Reduced voting rights and smaller board
representation at Telkom is expected to make it difficult for the Kenya
government to push its agenda.
kenyan hiphop reloaded : listen and be the judge
http://wilfrednamamba.blogspot.com/2013/07/former-prime-minister-raila-odingas-aid.html
Former prime minister Raila Odinga's Aid summoned to the CID
CID summons former Raila aide Eliud Owalo
By ISAAC ONGIRI iongiri@ke.nationmedia.com
Posted Tuesday, July 16 2013 at 11:48
Posted Tuesday, July 16 2013 at 11:48
Former Prime Minister Raila Odinga’s aide Eliud
Owalo has been summoned to the Criminal Investigations Department (CID)
over allegations of a plot to destabilise the government.
Mr Owalo told the Nation he will honour the summons but raised fears the Jubilee government has hatched a plan to silence government critics.
"I am surprised about this. It
is true I have been summoned to appear before the CID. I will do that
today (Tuesday) at 4pm," he said.
Mr Owalo was the head of the Raila Odinga Presidential Secretariat in the run-up to the March 4 General Election.
He is still coordinating Mr Odinga’s activities including organising his local and international events.
“I am deeply perturbed to have
received a call from one Mr Cheruiyot this morning summoning me to CID
headquarters to “clarify certain issues”.I informed him that my
lawyer, James James Orengo will get in touch with him to arrange an
appropriate time for the same,” he stated.
It is unclear what the CID are
investigating but sources indicated that Mr Owalo would be questioned
on certain intelligence informational made available to the police.
Wangui Gitonga is miss world kenya 2013
After weeks of preparing for the beauty pageant which included a lot
of pageant competition training and primping classes, 10 beautiful
hopeful contestants gave their final best shot last Friday for a chance
to be crowned the most beautiful girl in Kenya and 23 year old Wangui Gitonga, a Linguistics student at German school emerged the winner.
Wangui who describes herself as humble and resilient could not believe the coveted crown was all hers and she couldn’t help but shed tears of joy. She explains that with her discipline and her newly acquired title she will try and help change lives for young boys and girls who are facing sexual exploitation across the country. Besides the beautiful crown, which she took over from the outgoing Miss World Kenya 2012 Shamim Nabil , Ms Wangui took home a check worth Ksh1 Million.
The 1st Runner-up was 21 year old Leah Tesfamariam, a first year International Relations student at Maseno University who took home a cash prize of Ksh100, 000 and the 2nd runner-up prize went to 21 year old Sophia Umwiza a student at Mass Communication Multimedia University who took home a cash prize of ksh50, 000.
The other contestants were Ubah Musa, Tabitha Maina, Yvonne Amondi, Purity Michael, Paynette Nyawara, Janet Tianda and Alice Mutiso. Ubah Musa was crowned Miss Congeniality.
The Miss World criteria for choosing the fairest among all requires that aside from being at least 5’7 tall and slight in weight, a beauty queen should have flawless skin and a near perfect dental formula. It would seem Wangui has what it takes according to the Miss World Kenya beauty pageant judges. Wangui will represent Kenya in the 2013 Miss World competition to be held in Indonesia in September
Wangui who describes herself as humble and resilient could not believe the coveted crown was all hers and she couldn’t help but shed tears of joy. She explains that with her discipline and her newly acquired title she will try and help change lives for young boys and girls who are facing sexual exploitation across the country. Besides the beautiful crown, which she took over from the outgoing Miss World Kenya 2012 Shamim Nabil , Ms Wangui took home a check worth Ksh1 Million.
The 1st Runner-up was 21 year old Leah Tesfamariam, a first year International Relations student at Maseno University who took home a cash prize of Ksh100, 000 and the 2nd runner-up prize went to 21 year old Sophia Umwiza a student at Mass Communication Multimedia University who took home a cash prize of ksh50, 000.
The other contestants were Ubah Musa, Tabitha Maina, Yvonne Amondi, Purity Michael, Paynette Nyawara, Janet Tianda and Alice Mutiso. Ubah Musa was crowned Miss Congeniality.
The Miss World criteria for choosing the fairest among all requires that aside from being at least 5’7 tall and slight in weight, a beauty queen should have flawless skin and a near perfect dental formula. It would seem Wangui has what it takes according to the Miss World Kenya beauty pageant judges. Wangui will represent Kenya in the 2013 Miss World competition to be held in Indonesia in September
basic configuration of MPLS VPN
Introduction
This document provides a sample configuration of a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPN when Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) or Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is present on the customer's site.When used with MPLS, the VPN feature allows several sites to interconnect transparently through a service provider's network. One service provider network can support several different IP VPNs. Each of these appears to its users as a private network, separate from all other networks. Within a VPN, each site can send IP packets to any other site in the same VPN.
Each VPN is associated with one or more VPN routing or forwarding instances (VRFs). A VRF consists of an IP routing table, a derived Cisco express forwarding (CEF) table, and a set of interfaces that use this forwarding table.
The router maintains a separate routing and CEF table for each VRF. This prevents information being sent outside the VPN and allows the same subnet to be used in several VPNs without causing duplicate IP address problems.
The router using Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) distributes the VPN routing information using the MP-BGP extended communities.
For more information about the propagation of updates through a VPN, refer to these documents:
Prerequisites
Requirements
There are no specific requirements for this document.Components Used
The information in this document is based on these software and hardware versions:P and PE Routers
-
Cisco IOS® Software Release 12.2(6h) includes the MPLS VPN feature.
-
Any Cisco router from the 7200 series or higher supports P
functionality. The Cisco 2691, as well as any 3640 series or higher router
supports PE functionality.
-
You can use any router that can exchange routing information with its
PE router.
Related Products
To implement the MPLS feature, you must have a router from the range of Cisco 2600 or higher. To select the required Cisco IOS with MPLS feature, use the Software Advisor (registered customers only) . Also check for the additional RAM and Flash memory required to run the MPLS feature in the routers. WIC-1T, WIC-2T, and serial interfaces can be used.Conventions
Refer to Cisco Technical Tips Conventions for more information on document conventions.The letters below represent the different types of routers and switches used.
-
P—Provider's core router.
-
PE—Provider's edge router.
-
CE—Customer's edge router.
-
C—Customer's router.
Configure
In this section, you are presented with the information to configure the features described in this document.Note: Use the Command Lookup Tool (registered customers only) to find more information on the commands used in this document.
Network Diagram
This document uses this network setup:Configuration Procedures
Refer to MPLS Virtual Private Networks for more information.Enabling ip cef
Use this procedure in order to enable ip cef . For improved performance, use ip cef distributed (where available). Complete these steps on the PEs after MPLS has been set up (configuring tag-switching ip on the interfaces).-
Create one VRF for each VPN connected using the
ip
vrf <VPN routing/forwarding instance
name>
command.
When doing this:
-
Specify the correct route distinguisher used for that VPN. This
is used to extend the IP address so that you can identify which VPN it belongs
to.
rd <VPN route distinguisher>
-
Set up the import and export properties for the MP-BGP extended
communities. These are used for filtering the import and export process.
route-target [export|import|both] <target VPN extended community>
-
Specify the correct route distinguisher used for that VPN. This
is used to extend the IP address so that you can identify which VPN it belongs
to.
-
Configure the forwarding details for the respective interfaces
using the
ip
vrf forwarding
<VPN routing/forwarding instance
name> command and remember to set up the IP
address after doing this.
-
Depending on the PE-CE routing protocol you are using, you can
configure static routes or routing protocols (RIP, Open Shortest Path First
[OSPF], or BGP) between PE and CE. Detailed configurations are available on the
MPLS
over ATM Support page.
Configuring MP-BGP
Configure MP-BGP between the PE routers. There are several ways to configure BGP, such as using the route reflector or confederation methods. The method used here—direct neighbor configuration—is the simplest and the least scalable.-
Declare the different neighbors.
-
Enter the
address-family
ipv4 vrf <VPN routing/forwarding instance
name>
command for each VPN present at this PE
router.
Carry out one or more of the following steps, as necessary:
-
Redistribute the static routing, RIP, or OSPF information.
-
Redistribute connected routing information.
-
Activate BGP neighboring with the CE routers.
-
Redistribute the static routing, RIP, or OSPF information.
-
Enter the
address-family
vpnv4
mode, and complete the following steps:
-
Activate the neighbors.
-
Specify that extended community must be used. This is mandatory.
-
Activate the neighbors.
Configurations
This document uses these configurations:Pescara |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.2 ! hostname Pescara ! ip cef ! !--- Customer A commands. ip vrf Customer_A !--- Enables the VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) routing table. !--- This command can be used in global or !--- router configuration mode. rd 100:110 !--- Route distinguisher creates routing and forwarding !--- tables for a VRF. route-target export 100:1000 !--- Creates lists of import and export route-target extended !--- communities for the specified VRF. route-target import 100:1000 ! !--- Customer B commands. ip vrf Customer_B rd 100:120 route-target export 100:2000 route-target import 100:2000 ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.4 255.255.255.255 ip router isis !--- Customer A commands. interface Loopback101 ip vrf forwarding Customer_A !--- Associates a VRF instance with an interface or subinterface. ip address 200.0.4.1 255.255.255.0 !--- Loopback101 and 102 use the same IP address, 200.0.4.1. !--- This is allowed because they belong to two !--- different customers' VRFs. no ip directed-broadcast ! !--- Customer B commands. interface Loopback102 ip vrf forwarding Customer_B ip address 200.0.4.1 255.255.255.0 !--- Loopback101 and 102 use the same IP address, 200.0.4.1. !--- This is allowed because they belong to two !--- different customers' VRFs. no ip directed-broadcast ! interface Serial2/0 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast encapsulation frame-relay no fair-queue ! interface Serial2/0.1 point-to-point description link to Pauillac bandwidth 512 ip address 10.1.1.14 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 401 ! router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00 is-type level-1 ! router bgp 100 bgp log-neighbor-changes !--- Enables logging of BGP neighbor resets. neighbor 10.10.10.6 remote-as 100 !--- Adds an entry to the BGP or multiprotocol BGP neighbor table. neighbor 10.10.10.6 update-source Loopback0 !--- Enables BGP sessions to use a specific operational !--- interface for TCP connections. ! !--- Customer A and B commands. address-family vpnv4 !--- To enter address family configuration mode !--- for configuring routing sessions, such as BGP, !--- that use standard VPN version 4 address prefixes. neighbor 10.10.10.6 activate neighbor 10.10.10.6 send-community both !--- Sends the community attribute to a BGP neighbor. exit-address-family ! !--- Customer B commands. address-family ipv4 vrf Customer_B !--- To enter address family configuration mode !--- for configuring routing sessions, such as BGP, !--- that use standard VPN version 4 address prefixes. redistribute connected no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family ! !--- Customer A commands. address-family ipv4 vrf Customer_A redistribute connected no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family ! ip classless ! end |
Pesaro |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.1 ! hostname Pesaro ! !--- Customer A commands. ip vrf Customer_A rd 100:110 route-target export 100:1000 route-target import 100:1000 ! !--- Customer B commands. ip vrf Customer_B rd 100:120 route-target export 100:2000 route-target import 100:2000 ! ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.6 255.255.255.255 ip router isis !--- Customer A commands. interface Loopback101 ip vrf forwarding Customer_A ip address 200.0.6.1 255.255.255.0 ! !--- Customer B commands. interface Loopback102 ip vrf forwarding Customer_B ip address 200.0.6.1 255.255.255.0 ! !--- Customer A commands. interface Loopback111 ip vrf forwarding Customer_A ip address 200.1.6.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay no ip mroute-cache random-detect ! interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point description link to Pomerol bandwidth 512 ip address 10.1.1.22 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 603 ! router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0006.00 is-type level-1 ! router bgp 100 neighbor 10.10.10.4 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.10.10.4 update-source Loopback0 ! !--- Customer B commands. address-family ipv4 vrf Customer_B redistribute connected no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family ! !--- Customer A commands. address-family ipv4 vrf Customer_A redistribute connected no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family ! !--- Customer A and B commands. address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.10.10.4 activate neighbor 10.10.10.4 send-community both exit-address-family ! ip classless ! end |
Pomerol |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.0 ! hostname Pomerol ! ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.3 255.255.255.255 ip router isis ! interface Serial0/1 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast encapsulation frame-relay random-detect ! interface Serial0/1.1 point-to-point description link to Pauillac ip address 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis tag-switching mtu 1520 tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 301 ! interface Serial0/1.2 point-to-point description link to Pulligny ip address 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 303 ! interface Serial0/1.3 point-to-point description link to Pesaro ip address 10.1.1.21 255.255.255.252 no ip directed-broadcast ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 306 ! router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00 is-type level-1 ! ip classless ! end |
Pulligny |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.1 ! hostname Pulligny ! ! ip cef ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.255 ! interface Serial0/1 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay random-detect ! interface Serial0/1.1 point-to-point description link to Pauillac ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 201 ! interface Serial0/1.2 point-to-point description link to Pomerol ip address 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 203 ! router isis passive-interface Loopback0 net 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 is-type level-1 ! ip classless ! end |
Pauillac |
---|
! version 12.1 ! hostname pauillac ! ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.255 ip router isis ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay no ip mroute-cache tag-switching ip no fair-queue ! interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point description link to Pomerol bandwith 512 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 102 ! interface Serial0/0.2 point-to-point description link to Pulligny ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 103 ! interface Serial0/0.3 point-to-point description link to Pescara bandwidth 512 ip address 10.1.1.13 255.255.255.252 ip router isis tag-switching ip frame-relay interface-dlci 104 ! router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00 is-type level-1 ! ip classless ! end |
Verify
This section provides information you can use to confirm your configuration is working properly.The Output Interpreter Tool (registered customers only) (OIT) supports certain show commands. Use the OIT to view an analysis of show command output.
-
show
ip vrf
—Verifies that the correct VRF exists.
-
show ip vrf interfaces—Verifies the
activated interfaces.
-
show
ip route vrf Customer_A—Verifies the routing information
on the PE routers.
-
traceroute
vrf Customer_A 200.0.6.1—Verifies the routing information
on the PE routers.
-
show ip bgp vpnv4 tag—Verifies the
BGP.
-
show
ip cef vrf Customer_A 200.0.6.1 detail—Verifies the
routing information on the PE routers.
The following is sample command output of the show ip vrf command.
The following is sample command output of the show ip vrf interfaces command.Pescara#show ip vrf Name Default RD Interfaces Customer_A 100:110 Loopback101 Customer_B 100:120 Loopback102
The following show ip route vrf commands show the same prefix 200.0.6.0/24 in both the outputs. This is because the remote PE has the same network for two customers, Customer_A and Customer_B, which is allowed in a typical MPLS VPN solution.Pesaro#show ip vrf interfaces Interface IP-Address VRF Protocol Loopback101 200.0.6.1 Customer_A up Loopback111 200.1.6.1 Customer_A up Loopback102 200.0.6.1 Customer_B up
By running a traceroute between two sites of Customer_A, it is possible to see the label stack used by the MPLS network (if it is configured to do so by mpls ip ttl ...).Pescara#show ip route vrf Customer_A Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 200.0.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback101 B 200.0.6.0/24 [200/0] via 10.10.10.6, 05:10:11 B 200.1.6.0/24 [200/0] via 10.10.10.6, 04:48:11 Pescara#show ip route vrf Customer_B Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 200.0.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback102 B 200.0.6.0/24 [200/0] via 10.10.10.6, 00:03:24
Note: Exp 0 is an experimental field used for Quality of Service (QoS).Pescara#traceroute vrf Customer_A 200.0.6.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 200.0.6.1 1 10.1.1.13 [MPLS: Labels 20/26 Exp 0] 400 msec 276 msec 264 msec 2 10.1.1.6 [MPLS: Labels 18/26 Exp 0] 224 msec 460 msec 344 msec 3 200.0.6.1 108 msec * 100 msec
Troubleshoot
There is currently no specific troubleshooting information available for this configuration.
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